Closed Fracture : A fracture that does not break the skin.Or there is a deep wound that exposes the bone through the skin. Open Fracture : A fracture in which the bone breaks through the skin and can be seen outside the leg.Many of the types of fractures we’ll talk about later may also be described by one of the following terms: There are several types of bone fractures, and each type can have slight variations. Let’s take a closer look at the different types of bone fractures and how they occur. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), the most common causes of bone fractures are trauma, osteoporosis, and overuse. May is National Osteoporosis Month, so we thought we’d explore one of the common side effects of the disease: bone fractures. Incomplete or nondisplaced posterior column fracture line (not present in this example).Satellite Office: 1 Compass Way, Suite 202.Incomplete or nondisplaced transverse fracture line (not present in this example).The quality of the hip reduction: This requires comparison to the other side but appears congruent in this example.Incarcerated fragments: There are no incarcerated fragments in this example.Marginal impaction: In this example, we see severe impaction along the entire posterior acetabular surface (white arrow).The number of fragments associated with the fracture: In this example, the CT scan demonstrates that the posterior wall fragment indeed involves at least two cortical fragments.Thus, this is a posterosuperior wall variant. In this example, the fracture begins well cephalad to the acetabular roof and extends along the supraacetabular surface approximately half way to the anterior inferior iliac spine (blue arrow). The size of the fragment and the region of the posterior wall involved.With posterior wall fractures, one should always evaluate the CT scan for: In this example, the posterior column is seen to be intact as is the anterior rim. The displaced posterior wall fragment(s) is superimposed on the ilium and thus difficult to see. The iliac oblique radiograph demonstrates the integrity of the posterior column, the iliac wing, and the anterior border of the bone. Certainly, the CT scan will be inspected for incarcerated fragments but the reduction is appropriate at this stage. The femoral head is reduced and comparison to the other side would demonstrate near congruence of the reduction. The anterior column is intact, as is the obturator foramen. It appears as a large fragment however, there may be a perforation of the cortex based on this image. It extends cranially above the acetabulum.
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